OBELA Analysis

The end of the year is approaching and the health and economic crises are still far from being resolved.  In the last report of the World Economic Outlook, the IMF re-estimated that the world economy will contract -4.4%, a correction of -1.03% with respect to the June forecast.

In almost all cases, a rebound in its growth rate is expected by 2021. This optimism forgets that several economies were dragging a downward trend in their growth rate, especially the advanced and larger economies.

With Trump's departure, how much does the U.S. and global outlook really change? For the world, what is the real space for transformation to Trump's balances, and for Latin America, what does this scenario represent for its economic and political relations?

The stoppage of economic activities, caused by the covid1 pandemic, seriously affected Latin American economies during the first semester of 2020, 8 years of production were lost.

On average, Latin America lost eight years of production, while China lost only one, the United States six and the European Union 11. China, Europe, Argentina, Colombia, Bolivia, Ecuador, El Salvador, Honduras, Paraguay, Peru and the Dominican Republic imposed mandatory quarantine.

The economic outcome of the infection prevention policies has been strongly determined by the economic growth of the last decade. When economic dynamics are low, the fall, driven by the closure of internal and external economic activities, causes a large contraction measured in terms of years of product. If the dynamics are high, a large fall leads only to a low reduction in production.

Rare lands are a strategic advantage for China. A large part of the reserves of these minerals are found in the Asian country. However, rare earth mining is highly polluting, so China has undertaken to limit its production.

It has imposed quotas on the volume of rare earth exports since 2010 so that it can take advantage of the world's dependence on this mineral. There are quotas on production, in addition to export quotas, which respond to both the inherent pollution of these materials and the incipient diversification of production.

Rare earth mining is a double-edged weapon for the environment, on the one hand, it means an important input; and on the other hand, the pollution it represents has been devastating for some regions in Asia.