OBELA

B3W the silk road Counter-Project

The US Global Build Back Better World (B3W) initiative has been exposed by President Biden to Latin America as an alternative to Chinese financing in infrastructure. It intends to tackle the Asian Giant's One Belt, One Road project under two main political lines.

The focus of the B3W project is on infrastructure development, although the G7 has turned to China for investment to renovate its own infrastructure. China is still viewed by the US as the greatest threat to national security of the 21st century, following the Republican administration.

The B3W represents for the United States a means of strategic competition with China, which shows that, at least in the short term, tensions and the refusal to cooperate with the Asian Giant will be a constant.

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¿Una crisis económica en China?

La quiebra de Evergrande parece ser el tema más cubierto por la prensa especializada en la actualidad, incluso prevén una crisis económica en China. La situación real del conglomerado no significa una crisis mundial, aunque tal vez un problema para el país asiático.

China fue el único país grande en crecer en el 2020 y el primero en controlar la pandemia del COVID-19. Su inversión en activos fijos es uno de los principales motores de crecimiento. El valor bruto del sector construcción tuvo un crecimiento de 19% en el segundo trimestre del 2021, respecto al 2020.

La perspectiva china no alentadora, pero no es catastrófica como se plantea. El gobierno y la prensa china parecen más preocupados por el comercio internacional y la oferta energética que por el sector construcción y el bancario. La quiebra de las inmobiliarias puede presentar un problema para el mercado interno en el corto plazo por la pérdida de empleo, pero la experiencia demuestra que el gobierno no lo dejará a la deriva.

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crecimiento económico

An economic crisis in China?

Evergrande's bankruptcy seems to be the most covered topic by the specialized press nowadays, they even foresee an economic crisis in China. The actual situation of the conglomerate does not mean a world crisis, although perhaps a problem for the Asian country.

China was the only large country to grow in 2020 and the first to control the COVID-19 pandemic. Its investment in fixed assets is one of the main drivers of growth. The gross value of the construction sector had a 19% growth in the second quarter of 2021, compared to 2020.

The Chinese outlook is not encouraging, but it is not catastrophic as posited. The Chinese government and press seem more concerned about international trade and energy supply than about the construction and banking sectors. The real estate bankruptcy may present a problem for the domestic market in the short term due to job losses, but experience shows that the government will not let it drift.

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Evergrande no es Lehman Brothers: cuidado con la ampliación del presupuesto de los Estados Unidos

Evergrande es un conglomerado que consiguió ser el desarrollador inmobiliario más grande de China, impulsado por el acelerado crecimiento demográfico de las ciudades de ese país. Ahora tiene una deuda equivalente al 2% de PIB de China, alrededor de 2 billones de yuanes o 309 mil millones de USD.

Al igual que todo el sector inmobiliario, Evergrande tomaba préstamos con tierras como garantía. Este tipo de ciclos se detiene cuando los precios de las propiedades se estancan o cuando el gobierno regula el pago adelantado, como pasó en China.

Recientemente se ha advertido que puede ser un detonador de un posible colapso financiero internacional y se le ha comparado con Lehman Brothers (2008). Sin embargo, la situación es diferente: el grueso de la deuda es dentro del sistema financiero chino que es cerrado a las inversiones internacionales y sólo 26% del total adeudado es con inversionistas internacionales.

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Evergrande is not Lehman Brothers: beware the us budget extension

Evergrande is a conglomerate that managed to become the largest real estate developer in China, driven by the accelerated population growth of China's cities. It now has a debt equivalent to 2% of China's GDP, around 2 trillion yuan or USD 309 billion.

Like the entire real estate sector, Evergrande used to take loans with land as collateral. This type of cycle stops when property prices stagnate or when the government regulates prepayment, as happened in China.

Recently it has been warned that it could be a trigger for a possible international financial collapse and has been compared to Lehman Brothers (2008). However, the situation is different: the bulk of the debt is within the Chinese financial system, which is closed to international investment, and only 26% of the total debt is owed to international investors.

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COVID-19, its impact on women's lives

The pandemic has not only affected public health but also the social, political and economic life of society, deepening existing inequalities. The effects of the COVID-19 crisis have been felt most by vulnerable groups, especially women.

Worldwide, it is estimated that the pandemic has affected approximately 80% of professional women, who are affected in their professional lives as well as in their family and personal spheres. In Latin America, more than half of women work in the sectors most affected by the economic contraction, such as domestic work, tourism, manufacturing, administrative services and the health sector.

COVID-19 has a strong influence on the labor and personal development of women in the world, and makes the inequalities experienced by women even more evident.

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COVID-19, su impacto en la vida de las mujeres

La pandemia no solo ha afectado la salud pública sino también la vida social, política y económica de la sociedad, profundiza las desigualdades ya existentes. Los efectos de la crisis por COVID-19 han sido más resentidos por los grupos vulnerables, especialmente el de las mujeres.

A nivel mundial se estima que la pandemia ha afectado a aproximadamente el 80% de las mujeres profesionistas, a quienes impacta tanto en la vida profesional como en la esfera familiar y personal. En América Latina, más de la mitad de las mujeres laboran en los sectores más afectados por la contracción económica tales como el trabajo doméstico, el turismo, la manufactura, servicios administrativos y sector salud.

La COVID-19 influye duramente en el desenvolvimiento laboral y personal de las mujeres en el mundo, y hace aún más evidentes las desigualdades vividas por ellas.

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desigualdad de género

Latin america's post-pandemic energy transition

The global change of the energy matrix gained momentum in the 2010s thanks to technological advances for electricity generation with renewable energies; international agreements in favor of the environment; and climate change.

Latin American countries are in the process of changing the global energy matrix and have had several advances. The COVID-19 pandemic paralyzed the world and the economy. Latin America was no exception and it seems that this may have slowed down renewable energies.

The energy transition in Latin America is underway. Government incentives and continued Chinese investments and loans will be key to its development.

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La transición energética latinoamericana pospandémica

El cambio global de la matriz energética tomó fuerza en la década del 2010 gracias a los avances tecnológicos para la generación eléctrica con energías renovables; los acuerdos internacionales a favor del medio ambiente y; el cambio climático.

Los países de América Latina están en el proceso del cambio de matriz energética mundial y ha tenido diversos avances. La pandemia de la COVID-19 paralizó al mundo y la economía. Latinoamérica no fue la excepción y parece que esto pudo frenar a las energías renovables.

La transición energética en América Latina está en marcha. Los incentivos de los gobiernos y la continuidad de las inversiones y los prestamos chinos serán clave para su desarrollo.

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The global minimum tax rate

In July 2021, the OECD and G20 countries presented the "Declaration on a two-pillar solution to address the fiscal challenges arising from the digitalization of the economy" that aims to alleviate the fiscal pressures arising from the covid-19 crisis and adapt to the digitalization of the economy. The structure of the tax reform will be based on two pillars.

Pillar one seeks to develop profit tax rules for companies that are highly digitized and conduct operations around the world. While, Pillar two continues BEPS taxation efforts with the introduction of a global minimum tax regime.

The implementation of these rules will help to improve economic recovery in countries that face difficulties in their tax collection, such as Latin American countries.

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